IELTS - Lesson 8 Exercise

From Sunny Spain


1. aficionado: a fan; devotee. Although this word originally described bull-fighting fans, it is now used to refer to devotees of all sports.

2. barrio: part of the city where Spanish-speaking people live; ghetto.

3. bonanza: rich pocket of ore; any source of wealth. In Spanish it means “fair weather at sea.” A popular television program of the 1960s was entitled “Bonanza”

4. bravado: pretended courage

5. desperado: bold outlaw; dangerous criminal. The relationship to our word “despair” is apparent. One who is without hope can be a dangerous criminal.

6. flotilla: a small fleet. The Spanish word flota means “fleet” Flotilla, then, is a diminutive form of flota.

7. grandee: a nobleman of the highest rank

8. hacienda: large estate; country house. The Old Spanish word facienda meant “estate.” The change from f to h is apparent in many words.

9. lariat: lasso; a rope used for tethering grazing horses. Reata is “rope” in Spanish.

10. machismo: manly self-assurance; masculine drive; virility.

11. manana: tomorrow; at some indefinite time in the future. There is a perjorative twist to manana, suggesting laziness.

12. palmetto: small palm tree

13. renegade: deserter; turncoat; traitor. In Spanish, the word renegado means “to deny.”

14. siesta: midday nap. In Spanish and Latin American countries businesses often close at midday to allow for siesta time.

15. torero: bullfighter on foot. The toreador was a bullfighter on horseback, but that term is no longer used since all bullfighters today are toreros.

Exercises


I. Which word comes to Mind?

In each of the following, read the statement, then circle the word that comes to mind.

1. You go to see a performance of the opera “Carmen”

(lariat, flotilla, torero)

2. The calendar pictures a man asleep under a tree next to a lawn mower.

(barrio, bravado, manana)

3. A young man starts a fight to impress his girlfriend.

(machismo, siesta, renegade)

4. You win the lottery

(aficionado, bonanza, palmetto)

5. There is a wild police chase after the bank robber

(desperado, grandee, hacienda)

6. The FBI arrests a man for selling U.S. secrets to a foreign country

(aficionado, renegade, grandee)

7. Stores in Spain close for two hours after lunch

(siesta, hacienda, palmetto)

8. The Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria

(flotilla, barrio, manana)

9. David stands up to Goliath

(desperado, lariat, bravado)

10. A bull-fighting fan shouts, “Ole!”

(bonanza, aficionado, barrio)

II. True or False?

In the space provided, indicate whether each statement is true or false.

  • __________ 1. A truly courageous person does not have to resort to bravado.
  • __________ 2. Feminists have contempt for those men who display machismo.
  • __________ 3. Ordinarily a grandee might take a siesta in his hacienda
  • __________ 4. The Spanish Armada was too awesome to be described as a flotilla.
  • __________ 5. A lariat can be the high point of a Spanish meal when it is seasoned properly.
  • __________ 6. The spectators applauded the torero for his fearlessness.
  • __________ 7. We bought an expensive barrio as a wedding gift
  • __________ 8. Our winning lottery ticket proved to be a bonanza
  • __________ 9. General Parker promised amnesty for any renegade who turned himself in.
  • __________ 10. Because of his lifelong philanthropy, the desperado was honored at a White House ceremony.

III. Fill in the Blank

Insert one of the new words in the proper space in each sentence below.

  1. Since Teddy is an _____________ of baseball, we got him two tickets to the World Series.
  2. Refreshed by her ______________, Maria was ready to go to work.
  3. As fish prices declined, the ______________ of shrimp boats was cut in half.
  4. Our new mayor proposed to tear down sections of the _____________ and build middle-income housing.
  5. The _____________ was caught up on a horn of the bull and badly injured.
  6. With unexpected _______________, the young man confronted the bully.
  7. Movie cowboys generally are proficient with a ________________.
  8. “Au revoir, so long, ciao, _____________” she said as her taxi pulled away.
  9. A photograph of the ______________ appeared on the Most Wanted list in our post office.
  10. On Navy Day, we stood upon the pier to watch the ____________ sail into the Harbor.

IV. What’s the Antonym?

Which of the new words is most nearly opposite in meaning to the one provided?

  1. cowardice _______________
  2. patriot _______________
  3. today _______________
  4. weakness _______________
  5. lawman _______________
  6. loss _______________
  7. state of alertness _______________
  8. shack _______________
  9. peon _______________
  10. wealthy neighborhood _______________
Home

1

Lesson-1

Jingoist, Lothario, Maverick, Nemesis, Philanderer, Philippic, Procrustean, Protean, Pyrrhic victory, Quixotic, Saturnine, Solecism, Spoonerism, Sybarite, Tawdry

2

Lesson-2

Acidulous, Baleful, Bellicose, Bilious, Bumptious, Captious, Churlish, Complaisant, Contrite, Convivial, Craven, Debonair, Dyspeptic, Lachrymose, Neurasthenic

3

Lesson-3

cabal, camaraderie, caste, cortege, detente, echelon, ecumenical, elite, esprit de corps, freemasonry, genealogy, hierarchy, hobnob, liaison, rapprochement

4

Lesson-4

adagio, andante, arpeggio, bravura, contralto, crescendo, falsetto, fortissimo, imbroglio, intaglio, largo, libretto, salvo, staccato, vendetta

5

Lesson-5

alienist, amanuensis, beadle, cosmetologist, dermatologist, entomologist, farrier, graphologist, internist, lapidary, ophthalmologist, ornithologist, osteopath, pharyngologist, physiologist

6

Lesson-6

Adonis, Bacchanal, Cassandra, Cornucopia, Erotic, Herculean, Hermetic, Hydra, Hymeneal, Iridescent, Narcissism, Odyssey, Olympian, Palladium, Phoenix

7

Lesson-7

aberrant, anthropomorphism, archetype, authoritarian, cathedrals, demography, epidemiology, euthanasia, extrovert, psychic, psychopath, psychotherapy, schizophrenia, subliminal, traums

8

Lesson-8

aficionado, barrio, bonanza, bravado, desperado, flotilla, grandee, hacienda, lariat, machismo, manana, palmetto, renegade, siesta, torero

9

Lesson-9

anachronism, anon, antebellum, antediluvian, atavism, augury, betimes, biennial, diurnal, eon, ephemeral, epoch, generation, score, tercentenary

10

Lesson-10

bane, deign, eke, knell, mete, moot, mulct, plumb, quail, roil, ruck, shunt, svelte, thrall, tryst

11

Lesson-11

abscess, aphasia, arteriosclerosis, biopsy, cadaver, carcinogen, comatose, etiology, malingerer, mastectomy, prosthesis, simian, therapeutic, tumescence, vasectomy

12

Lesson-12

bovine, equine, feline, hircine, leonine, lupine, ophidian, ovine, piscine, porcine, saurian, taurine, ursine, vixen, vulpine

13

Lesson-13

atonement, bicameral, Decalogue, decimate, dichotomy, double-think, millennium, nihilism, penultimate, primeval, protocol, quatrain, quintessence, tessellated, untrammeled

14

Lesson-14

adjudicate, appellate, collusion, deposition, equity, exhume, incommunicado, intestate, ipso facto, lien, litigation, perjury, pettifogger, tort, tribunal

15

Lesson-15

circumspect, demure, dispassionate, dolorous, edacious, effete, feisty, flaccid, flippant, florid, glabrous, imperious, ingenious, intractable, intransigent

16

Lesson-16

alchemy, arcane, conundrum, demonology, exorcise, inscrutable, pallor, phenomenology, polygraph, purloin, ritual, shamus, soothsayer, thaumaturgy, warlock

17

Lesson-17

archaeology, elfin, infinitesimal, Lilliputian, megalopolis, minimize, minutiae, palatial, peccadillo, picayune, simulacrum, soupcon, teeming, titanic, vista

18

Lesson-18

accolade, conclave, dirge, draconian, epicurean, gossamer, immolate, juggernaut, junket, ostracism, proletariat, rigmarole, rubric, Socratic, sycophant

19

Lesson-19

acrophobia, bibliophile, claustrophobia, Francophile, hydrophobia, misanthropy, misogyny, paranoid, philately, Philistine, phylogeny, philology, Russo phobia, triskaidekaphobia, xenophobia

20

Lesson-20

archaeology, cardiology, ecology, endocrinology, gerontology, gynecology, morphology, necrology, neurology, paleontology, pathology, rhinology, seismology, speleology, toxicology

21

Lesson-21

jejune, libidinous, licentious, mercurial, meretricious, minatory, mutable, niggardly, nonchalant, noxious, obdurate, obtuse, officious, omniscient, pusillanimous

22

Lesson-22

amicus curiae, arson, barrister, embezzle, extradition, habeas corpus, immaterial, incarcerate, indeterminate, larceny, litigious, miscreant, perpetrator, plagiarism, probation

23

Lesson-23

avant-garde, bete noire, bot mot, coup de grace, cul-de-sac, dues ex machina, fait accompli, fin de siecle, gauche, junta, laissez-faire, mot juste, non compos mentis, non sequitur, sine qua non

24

Lesson-24

coiffure, demarche, denouement, éclat, élan, entrepreneur, impasse, ingénue, malaise, mélange, repartee, sangfroid, tete-a-tete, tour de force, vignette

25

Lesson-25

acrid, addle, ado, alms, amulet, aperture, askew, bauble, bevy, bilk, blithe, careen, chary, nabob, onus

26

Lesson-26

antaean, argonaut, calliope, cyclopean, gorgon, harpy, Homeric, myrmidon, oracular, paean, plutonian, Promethean, stygian, terpsichorean, thespian

27

Lesson-27

pedantic, pertinacious, pontifical, pretentious, prolix, puerile, quiescent, recalcitrant, restive, ribald, sardonic, sedulous, sleazy, supercilious, voluptuous

28

Lesson-28

a cappella, ad hoc, bon vivant, de facto, gemutlich, leitmotif, nolo contendere, per excellence, parvenu, piece de resistance, postprandlal, quid pro quo, qui vive, savoir faire, sub rosa, vis-à-vis

29

Lesson-29

ambivalent, bucolic, crotchety, dilatory, disconsolate, dudgeon, froward, genteel, jocund, loquacious, splenetic, tendentious, truculent, vacuous, venal

30

Lesson-30

amorphous, gargantuan, iota, lissome, macrocosm, magnitude, magnum opus, microcosm, micrometer, scabrous, scintilla, serpentine, sinuous, smidgen, tenuous

31

Lesson-31

bathos, malapropism, metaphor, metonymy, onomatopoeia, oxymoron, panegyric, paradigm, paralipsis, pleonasm, polyglot, semantics, simile, synecdoche, threnody

32

Lesson-32

argot, aspersion, badinage, bombast, braggadocio, censure, countermand, gainsay, gobbledegook, guttural, harangue, jargon, mellifluous, resonant, sententious

33

Lesson-33

canon, hegemony, oligarchy, peonage, pharisaical, plebiscite, plenipotentiary, proxy, recession, regicide, renascent, reprisal, subversion, surrogate, votary

34

Lesson-34

antipodal, cartography, concierge, hegira, hustings, landmark, peripatetic, portmanteau, safari, tandem, transmigrate, traverse, trek, wanderlust, wayfarer

35

Lesson-35

a la carte, assuage, comestible, condiment, cuisine, culinary, gastronomic, gourmand, manna, palatable, piquant, refection, repast, subsistence, viands

36

Lesson-36

antic, beguile, bonhomie, dalliance, divertissement, euphoria, guffaw, insouciance, japery, regale, risible, roguish, roister, squib, waggish

37

Lesson-37

anarchy, bourgeois, bureaucracy, demagogue, ethos, gerrymander, imperialism, Machiavellian,. martial, muckraker, partisan, reactionary, schism, suffrage, totalitarian

38

Lesson-38

abnegation, abscond, affidavit, altercation, battery, bequest, cause celebre, caveat emptor, codicil, contiguous, contraband, contumacious, disenfranchise, injunction, jurisprudence

39

Lesson-39

aphorism, dogma, empirical, epistemology, eschatology, fallacy, hedonism, pragmatism, predestination, ratiocination, syllogism, teleology, tenet, theosophy, utilitarian

40

Lesson-40

agnostic, apocalyptic, apocryphal, apostate, apotheosis, benediction, blasphemy, deist, infidel, mantra, ontology, pantheism, sacrilegious, syncretism, theodicy
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