Get to know the scientists that changed the world as we know it though their major contributions and discoveries. There is no doubt that all the scientific discoveries and inventions to date have revolutionized every aspect of our life. It has strongly influenced the way we think and the way we lead our lives. Owing to scientific inventions, we were able to find answers to the questions which we thought we could never answer.
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A scientist is someone who explores the nature of the universe. Our history is full of stories of famous inventors, who are often national heroes such as Newton, in almost every case they were just the first people to improve an existing system to the final stage where it achieved mass appeal.
Given below is a list of discoveries that includes 34 famous scientists and their discoveries along with the their country of origin.
| S.No. | Name | Major Contributions / Discovery | Country of Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Archimedes | Principle of buoyancy: Principle of the lever | Greece |
| 2 | Galileo Galilei | Law of inertia | Italy |
| 3 | Christiaan Huygens | Wave theory of light | Holland |
| 4 | Isacc Newton | Universal law of gravitation: Laws of motion: Reflecting telescope | U.K. |
| 5 | Michael Faraday | Laws of electromagnetic induction | U.K. |
| 6 | James Clerk Maxwell | Electromagnetic theory: Light-an electromagnetic wave | U.K. |
| 7 | Heinrich Rudolf Hertz | Generation of electromagnetic waves | Germany |
| 8 | J.C. Bose | Ultra short radio waves | India |
| 9 | W.K. Roentgen | X-rays | Germany |
| 10 | J.J. Thomson | Electron | U.K. |
| 11 | Marie Sklodowska Curie | Discovery of radium and polonium: Studies on natural radioactivity | Poland |
| 12 | Albert Einstien | Explanation of photoelectric effect: Theory of relativity | Germany |
| 13 | Victor Francis Hess | Cosmic radiation | Austria |
| 14 | R.A. Millikan | Measurement of electronic charge | U.S.A. |
| 15 | Ernest Rutherford | Nuclear model of atom | New Zealand |
| 16 | Niels Bohr | Quantum model of hydrogen atom | Denmark |
| 17 | C.V. Raman | Inelastic scattering of light by molecules | India |
| 18 | Louis Victor de Borglie | Wave nature of matter | France |
| 19 | M.N. Saha | Thermal ionisation | India |
| 20 | S.N. Bose | Quantum statistics | India |
| 21 | Wolfgang Pauli | Exclusion principle | Austria |
| 22 | Enrico Fermi | Controlled nuclear fission | Italy |
| 23 | Werner Heisenberg | Quantum mechanics: Uncertainty principle | Germany |
| 24 | Paul Dirac | Relativistic theory of electron: Quantum statistics | U.K. |
| 25 | Edwin Hubble | Expanding universe | U.S.A. |
| 26 | Ernest Orlando Lawrence | Cyclotron | U.S.A. |
| 27 | James Chadwick | Neutron | U.K. |
| 28 | Hideki Yukawa | Theory of nuclear forces | Japan |
| 29 | Homi Jehangir Bhabha | Cascade process of cosmic radiation | India |
| 30 | Lev Davidovich Landau | Theory of condensed matter: Liquid helium | Russia |
| 31 | S. Chandrasekhar | Chandrasekhar limit, structure and evolution of stars | India |
| 32 | John Bardeen | Transistors: Theory of super conductivity | U.S.A. |
| 33 | C.H. Townes | Maser: Laser | U.S.A. |
| 34 | Abdus Salam | Unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions | Pakistan |
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