List of Important Inventions and Discoveries

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It is said that necessity is the mother of invention. But the needs never end. To meet these needs, there have always been new inventions, which have changed the face of the world with time to time.

Also Read: List of International and S.I. Equivalent Units

Below is the list of important inventions and discoveries along with their Inventor Name, their Nationality and the Year which are very popular around the world:

List of Important Inventions

S.No.	NAME OF INVENTION	INVENTOR	NATIONALITY	YEAR
1	Aeroplane	Orville & Wilbur Wright	U.S.A.	1903
2	Barometer	Evangelista Torricelli	Italy	1644
3	Bicycle	Kirkpatrick Macmillan	Britain	1839-40
4	Ball-Point Pen	John J.Loud	U.S.A.	1888
5	Bifocal Lens	Benjamin Franklin	U.S.A.	1780
6	Cinema	Nicolas & Jean Lumiere	France	1895
7	Clock (mechanical)	I-Hsing & Liang Ling-Tsan	China	725
8	Car (Petrol)	Karl Benz	Germany	1888
9	Celluloid	Alexander Parkes	Britain	1861
10	Diesel Engine	Rudolf Diesel	Germany	1895
11	Dynamo	Hypolite Pixii	France	1832
12	Electro-magnet	William Sturgeon	Britain	1824
13	Electronic Computer	Dr. Alan M. Turing	Britain	1943
14	Electric Lamp	Thomas Alva Edison	U.S.A.	1879
15	Electric Motor (DC)	Zenobe Gramme	Belgium	1873
16	Electric Motor (AC)	Nikola Tesla	U.S.A.	1888
17	Film (moving outlines)	Louis Prince	France	1885
18	Film (musical sound)	Dr. Le de Forest	U.S.A.	1923
19	Fountain Pen	Lewis E. Waterman	U.S.A.	1884
20	Gramophone	Thomas Alva Edison	U.S.A.	1878
21	Helicopter	Etienne Oehmichen	France	1924
22	Jet Engine	Sir Frank Whittle	Britain	1937
23	Laser	Charles H. Townes	U.S.A.	1960
24	Lift (Mechanical)	Elisha G. Otis	U.S.A.	1852
25	Locomotive	Richard Trevithick	Britain	1804
26	Microscope	Z. Janssen	Netherlands	1590
27	Motor Cycle	G. Daimler	Germany	1885
28	Machine Gun	James Puckle	Britain	1718
29	Microphone	Alexander Graham Bell	U.S.A.	1876
30	Photography (on film)	John Carbutt	U.S.A.	1888
31	Printing Press	Johann Gutenberg	Germany	1455
32	Razor (safety)	King C. Gillette	U.S.A.	1895
33	Refrigerator	James Harrison & Alexander Catlin	U.S.A.	1850
34	Ship (steam)	J.C. Perier	France	1775
35	Ship (turbine)	Hon. Sir C. Parsons	Britain	1894
36	Skycraper	W.Le Baron Jenny	U.S.A.	1882
37	Slide Rule	William Oughtred	Britain	1621
38	Steam Engine (condenser)	James Watt	Britain	1765
39	Safety Pin	Walter Hunt	U.S.A.	1849
40	Sewing machine	Barthelemy Thimmonnier	France	1829
41	Steel Production	Henry Bessemer	Britain	1855
42	Steel (stainless)	Harry Brearley	Britain	1913
43	Submarine	David Bushnell	U.S.A.	1776
44	Telephone (perfected)	Alexander Graham Bell	U.S.A.	1876
45	Television (mechanical)	John Logie Baird	Britain	1926
46	Television (electronic)	P.T. Farnsworth	U.S.A.	1927
47	Thermometer	Galileo Galilei	Italy	1593
48	Transformer	Michael Faraday	Britain	1831
49	Transistor	Bardeen, Shockley & Brattain	U.S.A.	1948
50	Tank	Sir Ernest Swinton	Britain	1914
51	Telegraph	M. Lammond	France	1787
52	Telegraph Code	Samuel F.B. Morse	U.S.A.	1837
53	Washing machine (elec.)	Hurley Machine Co.	U.S.A.	1907
54	Zip-Fastener	W.L. Judson	U.S.A.	1891

List of Important Discoveries

S.No.	DISCOVERY	DISCOVERER	NATIONALITY	YEAR
1	Aluminium	Hans Christian Oerstedt	Denmark	1827
2	Atomic number	Henry Moseley	England	1913
3	Atomic Structure of matter	John Dalton	England	1803
4	Chlorine	C.W. Scheele	Sweden	1774
5	Electromagnetic induction	Michael Faraday	England	1831
6	Electromagnetic waves	Heinrich Hertz	Germany	1886
7	Electromagnetism	Hans Christian Oersted	Denmark	1920
8	Electron	Sir Joseph Thomson	England	1897
9	General theory of relativity	Albert Einstein	Switzerland	1915
10	Hydrogen	Henry Cavendish	England	1766
11	Law of electric conduction	George Ohm	Germany	1827
12	Law of electro-magnetism	Andre Ampere	France	1826
13	Law of falling bodies	Galileo	Italy	1590
14	Laws of gravitation & motion	Isaac Newton	England	1687
15	Laws of planetary motion	Johannes Kepler	Germany	1609-19
16	Magnesium	Sir Humphry Davy	England	1808
17	Neptune (Planet)	Johann Galle	Germany	1846
18	Neutron	James Chadwick	England	1932
19	Nickel	Axel Cronstedt	Sweden	1751
20	Nitrogen	Daniel Rutherford	England	1772
21	Oxygen	Joseph Priestly and C.W.Scheele	England, Sweden	1772
22	Ozone	Christian Schonbein	Germany	1839
23	Pluto (Planet)	Clyde Tombaugh	U.S.A.	1930
24	Plutonium	G.T. Seaborg	U.S.A.	1940
25	Proton	Ernest Rutherford	England	1919
26	Quantum Theory	Max Planck	Germany	1900
27	Radioactivity	Antoine Bacquerel	France	1896
28	Radium	Pierre & Marie Curie	France	1898
29	Silicon	Jons Berzelius	Sweden	1824
30	Special theory of relativity	Alber Einstein	Switzerland	1905
31	Sun as centre of solar system	Copernicus	Poland	1543
32	Uranium	Martin Klaporh	Germany	1789
33	Uranus (Planet)	William Herschel	England	1781
34	X-rays	Wilhelm Roentgen	Germany	1895