The TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication) is an English language proficiency test designed to assess the English language skills of non-native speakers in a business or professional context. The test is widely used by organizations around the world to evaluate the English language skills of job candidates, employees, and students.
The TOEIC test consists of two parts: the TOEIC Listening and Reading Test and the TOEIC Speaking and Writing Test. The TOEIC Listening and Reading Test is a paper-and-pencil test that consists of multiple-choice questions, while the TOEIC Speaking and Writing Test is a computer-based test that consists of spoken and written responses to prompts.
The test is designed to measure a wide range of English language skills, including listening comprehension, reading comprehension, speaking ability, and writing ability. Overall, the TOEIC is a widely recognized and respected English language proficiency test that is used by organizations around the world to evaluate the English language skills of non-native speakers.
Q&A Topic: Consumer Behaviour
Consumer behavior refers to the actions and decisions made by individuals and households when they purchase and use products and services. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes psychology, sociology, economics, and anthropology, and it aims to understand how consumers make choices, why they make those choices, and how those choices can be influenced.
There are several factors that can influence consumer behavior, including personal, psychological, and societal factors. Personal factors include individual characteristics such as age, income, education level, and occupation. Psychological factors include attitudes, beliefs, and motivation. Societal factors include cultural values, social norms, and the influence of family and friends.
Understanding consumer behavior is important for businesses, as it can help them better understand their target market and design marketing strategies that are more likely to be successful. It can also help businesses understand how to position their products and services in a way that appeals to consumers and meets their needs.
Here are some questions that can help you to clear the TOEIC exam:
Q1 Dr. Lars Perner explains that as well as the study of how products are purchased, consumer behavior also involves their use and _________, since many environmental problems result from the latter.
(a) disposal
(b) disturbance
(c) perusal
(d) reuse
Answer: (a) disposal
Q2 Consumer behavior involves services and ideas as well as _________ products.
(a) durable
(b) malleable
(c) marketable
(d) tangible
Answer: (d) tangible
Q3 Product use is often of great interest to the marketer, because this may influence how a product is best _________ or how we can encourage increased consumption.
(a) inventoried
(b) manufactured
(c) positioned
(d) stationed
Answer: (c) positioned
Q4 For example, by understanding that consumers are more _________ to food advertising when they are hungry, we learn to schedule snack advertisements late in the afternoon.
(a) attendant
(b) attractive
(c) receptive
(d) related
Answer: (c) receptive
Q5 The impact of consumer behavior on society is also of relevance; for example, aggressive marketing of high fat foods may have serious _________ for the national health.
(a) affectations
(b) aftereffects
(c) repercussions
(d) retributions
Answer: (c) repercussions
Q6 Since new products are usually initially adopted by a few consumers and only spread later and gradually to the rest of the population, companies that introduce new products must be well financed so that they can stay _________ until their products become a commercial success.
(a) aboard
(b) abreast
(c) afloat
(d) aloft
Answer: (c) afloat
Q7 It is important to please initial customers, since they will in turn influence many _________ customers’ brand choices.
(a) consecutive
(b) consequent
(c) subsequent
(d) subservient
Answer: (c) subsequent
Q8 Common sense suggests that if you buy a 64-ounce bottle of laundry detergent, you should pay less per ounce than if you bought two 32-ounce bottles; in practice, however, you often pay a size _________ by buying the larger quantity.
(a) discount
(b) increase
(c) percentile
(d) premium
Answer: (d) premium
Q9 Consumer surveys, as any kind of research, are vulnerable to _________ the wording of a question can influence the outcome a great deal.
(a) ambiguity
(b) bias
(c) bigotry
(d) weighting
Answer: (b) bias
Q10 _________ measures are occasionally used to examine consumer response; for example, advertisers may want to measure a consumer’s level of arousal during various parts of an advertisement.
(a) Paramedical
(b) Physiological
(c) Psychiatric
(d) Psychotic
Answer: (b) Physiological
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