The TOEIC (Test of English for International Communication) is an English language proficiency test designed to assess the English language skills of non-native speakers in a business or professional context. The test is widely used by organizations around the world to evaluate the English language skills of job candidates, employees, and students.
The TOEIC test consists of two parts: the TOEIC Listening and Reading Test and the TOEIC Speaking and Writing Test. The TOEIC Listening and Reading Test is a paper-and-pencil test that consists of multiple-choice questions, while the TOEIC Speaking and Writing Test is a computer-based test that consists of spoken and written responses to prompts.
The test is designed to measure a wide range of English language skills, including listening comprehension, reading comprehension, speaking ability, and writing ability. Overall, the TOEIC is a widely recognized and respected English language proficiency test that is used by organizations around the world to evaluate the English language skills of non-native speakers.
Q&A Topic: Agricultural Market Development
Agricultural market development refers to the process of improving the production, processing, distribution, and consumption of agricultural products in order to promote economic growth, reduce poverty, and increase food security.
This involves a range of activities such as improving the quality and quantity of agricultural output, strengthening market linkages between farmers, processors, and buyers, promoting the use of technology and innovation in farming and processing, and creating an enabling policy environment that supports agricultural development. The aim of agricultural market development is to create more profitable and sustainable agricultural value chains that benefit all actors involved, from farmers to consumers.
This can help to increase incomes for rural communities, reduce hunger and malnutrition, and contribute to overall economic development.
Here are some questions that can help you to clear the TOEIC exam:
Q1 The Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN advises that an efficient and adequate marketing system is a __________ for agricultural diversification, providing better prices to producers and the availability of competitively priced produce to consumers.
(a) precondition
(b) precursor
(c) predecessor
(d) preference
Answer: (a) precondition
Q2 Physical improvement is usually addressed in two ways: by providing improved market infrastructure (both urban and rural) and by improving rural __________ roads.
(a) access
(b) paved
(c) portage
(d) state
Answer: (a) access
Q3 Rural markets form part of a trade network; they are normally arranged on a __________ basis on specific weekdays and are commonly organized at a central place in a village or district centre.
(a) ad hoc
(b) casual
(c) irregular
(d) periodic
Answer: (d) periodic
Q4 Larger rural markets (‘assembly markets’) are found where greater quantities of produce are traded, either by the producers themselves or by traders, and are normally situated on main highways, or near to ferries and other local transport __________.
(a) axles
(b) cores
(c) nodes
(d) rims
Answer: (c) nodes
Q5 __________ wholesale and semi-wholesale markets are located within or near major cities (usually with populations exceeding 0.5 million).
(a) Seasonal
(b) Subsidized
(c) Temporary
(d) Terminal
Answer: (d) Termina
Q6 Retail markets directly serve consumers in main urban areas; although primarily retail, they may have some semi-wholesale functions, particularly if they allow producers to trade — in which case, they are often called __________ markets.
(a) direct
(b) farmers’
(c) open-air
(d) produce
Answer: (b) farmers’
Q7 Internal factors for change include increasing volumes of produce to be handled; alterations to commercial practices and trading patterns; and the __________ of professional specialised wholesalers.
(a) convergence
(b) conveyance
(c) emergence
(d) reliance
Answer: (c) emergence
Q8 The main external causes for change are __________ factors, including increase in population of a city as a result of migration and natural growth, population shifts within cities and moves to the suburbs, and changes in the location and nature of workplaces.
(a) democratic
(b) demographic
(c) geocentric
(d) geographic
Answer: (b) demographic
Q9 A common problem at both wholesale and retail levels is that the markets are viewed as tax __________ rather than as means of facilitating the marketing of local produce: the marketing system is ‘kidnapped’ by municipalities, with the sole purpose of collecting taxes.
(a) cattle
(b) instruments
(c) utensils
(d) wells
Answer: (b) instruments
Q10 These factors all need to be taken into __________ in identifying the best approach to market development.
(a) acceptance
(b) account
(c) calculation
(d) considerateness
Answer: (b) account
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