321. A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind.
The word "altered" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
322. With encouragement from the park, local landowners initiated a land-use planning effort to guide the future of the North Fork.
The word "initiated" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
323. The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that Congress would impose a legislative solution.
The word "stimulated" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
324. Nevertheless, many local residents want to retain the existing the character of the area.
The word "retain" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
325. There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods
The word "divergent" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
326. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldymass of data.
The word "unwieldy" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
327. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild-and the accumulated knowledge of lens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.
The word "controlled" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
328. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends.
The word "illuminated" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
329. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers-the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table-is itself far from innate.
The word "prerequisite" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
330. The droplets or ice crystals in clouds are exceedingly small. The effect of gravity on them isminute. Air currents move and lift droplets so that the net downward displacement is zero, even though the droplets are in constant motion.
The word "minute" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
331. Air currents move and lift droplets so that the net downward displacement is zero, even though the droplets are in constantmotion.
The word "motion" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
332. To the casual observer, dust seems to act in a totally randomfashion, moving about chaotically without fixed direction.
The word "random" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
333. During the 1920's she was editor of The Dial, an important literary magazine of the period.
The word "period" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
Succeeding generations of poets and readers.
The word "succeeding" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
334. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches.
The word "scarce" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
335. Like tree roots breaking up a sidewalk, the growing crystals exert pressure on the rock and eventually pry the rock apart along planes of weakness, such as banding in metamorphic rocks, bedding in sedimentary rocks, or preexisting or incipient fractions, and along boundaries between individual mineral crystals or grains.
The word "exert" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
336. A rock durable enough to have withstood natural conditions for a very long time in other areas could probably be shattered into small pieces by salt weathering within a few generations.
The word "durable" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
The word "shattered" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
337. The dominant salt in Death Valley is halite, or sodium chloride, but other salts, mostly carbonates and sulfates, also cause prying and wedging, as does ordinary ice.
The word "dominant" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
338. Overland transport in the United States was still extremely primitive in 1790. Roads were few and short, usually extending from inland communities to the nearest river town or seaport.
The word "primitive" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
339. Nearly all interstate commerce was carried out by sailing ships that served the bays and harbors of the seaboard. Yet, in 1790 the nation was on the threshold of a new era of road development.
The phrase "on the threshold of" in line 4 and 5 is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
340. The company built a gravel road within two years, and the success of the Lancaster Pike encouraged imitation. Northern states generally relied on private companies to build their toll roads, but Virginia constructed a network at public expense.
The word "imitation" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
341. Its peoples became great traders, bartering jewellery, pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along extensive trading networks that stretched up and down eastern North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.
The word "bartering" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
342. Over the next centuries, it was supplanted by another culture, the Mississippian, named after the river along which many of its earliest villages were located.
The word "supplanted" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
343. Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound on which stood a temple that contained a sacred flame. Only priests and those charged with guarding the flame could enter the temples.
The phrase "charged with" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
344. Printmaking is the generic term for a number of processes, of which woodcut and engraving are two prime examples.
The word "prime" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
345. Engraving, which grew out of the goldsmith's art, originated in Germany and northern Italy in the middle of the fifteenth century. It is an intaglio process (from Italian intagliare, "to carve") . The image is incised into a highly polished metal plate, usually copper, with a cutting instrument, or burin.
The word "incised" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
346. Both woodcut and engraving have distinctive characteristics. Engraving lends itself to subtle modeling and shading through the use of fine lines.
The word "distinctive" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
347. Both methods can yield several hundred good-quality prints before the original block or plate begins to show signs of wear.
The word "yield" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
348. But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young.
The word "tend" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
349. Few insects feed their young after hatching, but some make other arrangement, provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.
The word "provisioning" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
350. For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants.
The word "edge" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
351. Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluctuating of difficult-to-find supplies.
The word "shielded" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
352. A second, more dense atmosphere, however, gradually enveloped Earth as gasses from molten rocks within its hot interior escaped through volcanoes and steam vents.
The word "enveloped" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
353. With much of the water vapor already condensed into water and the concentration of carbon dioxide dwindling, the atmosphere gradually became rich nitrogen.
The word "gradually" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
354. At any rate, plant growth greatly enriched our atmosphere with oxygen. The reason for this enrichment is that plants, in the presence of sunlight, process carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen.
The word "At any rate" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
355. Over 25,000 islands are scattered across the surface of the Pacific, more than in all the other oceans combined, but their land area adds up to little more than 125,000 square kilometers, about the size of New York State, and their inhabitants total less than two million people, about a quarter of the number that live in New York City.
The word "scattered" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
356.Many are uninhabitable, by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics, but even the most favored are very isolated fragments of land, strictly circumscribed by the ocean, strictly limited in terms of the numbers of people they can support.
The phrase "by virtue of" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
The word "circumscribed" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - C
357. Simply surviving those ocean crossings of indeterminate length, in open canoes, to arrive on the shores of uninhabited and hitherto unknown islands, was a formidable achievement.
The word "indeterminate" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - B
358. The Rosetta stone thwarted scholars' efforts for several decades until the early nineteenth century when several key hieroglyphic phrases were decoded using the Greek inscriptions.
The word "thwarted" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
359. Lichens, probably the hardiest of all plants, live where virtually nothing else can not just on rugged mountain peaks but also on sunbaked desert rocks.
The word "hardest" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - D
360. Unlike other members of the plant kingdom, lichens are actually a partnership between two plants. The framework of a lichen is usually a network of minute hairlike fungus that anchors the plant.
The word "framework" is closest in meaning to which of following?
Answer - A
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